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Outcome-Based Education (OBE): A Framework for Quality Education

Afzal Badshah, PhD
14 min readDec 6, 2024

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Outcome-Based Education (OBE) is a student-centred teaching and learning approach that focuses on achieving specific, measurable outcomes. These outcomes are defined in terms of the knowledge, skills, and attitudes students are expected to demonstrate after completing a program or course. Unlike traditional education, which emphasizes content delivery and rote memorization, OBE places the learner’s achievements at the center of the educational process.

For example, in a Software Engineering program, an outcome might state:
“Demonstrate comprehensive knowledge and effective application of software engineering principles, methodologies, and tools in real-world settings.”

Evolution of OBE in Education

Evaluation of OBE System

OBE originated in the late 20th century as a response to the need for education systems to adapt to global changes. Traditional models of education, which focused on content delivery, were found to be insufficient in preparing students for dynamic, real-world challenges. OBE emerged as a framework that ensures education aligns with industry, societal, and personal development…

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Afzal Badshah, PhD
Afzal Badshah, PhD

Written by Afzal Badshah, PhD

Dr Afzal Badshah focuses on academic skills, pedagogy (teaching skills) and life skills.

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